Shashank Tiwari* and Shreya Talreja
Saussurea costus, commonly known as Costus or Kuth, is a perennial medicinal herb belonging to the Asteraceae family. Indigenous to the Himalayan region, this plant has been an integral part of traditional medicine systems, such as Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), for centuries. Its unique botanical characteristics, including tall stature, lance-shaped leaves, and vibrant yellow flowers, make it easily identifiable. However, it is the fleshy and aromatic rootstock that holds the greatest medicinal significance. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of Saussurea costus, encompassing its botanical characteristics, traditional uses, chemical composition, pharmacological activities, safety considerations, and potential therapeutic applications. The plant's roots and other plant parts have been used traditionally to address various health conditions, including respiratory ailments, digestive disorders, skin conditions, and rheumatic discomforts. The diverse pharmacological activities of Saussurea costus stem from its rich chemical composition, which includes sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, phenolic acids, essential oils, and polysaccharides. Scientific investigations have highlighted the plant's anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory effects, among others. While Saussurea costus has shown promise in various therapeutic applications, its safety and toxicity aspects must be considered. Precautions, including appropriate dosages, drug interactions, and potential allergic reactions, need to be addressed to ensure its responsible use. Modern research continues to explore the therapeutic potential of Saussurea costus, opening new avenues for evidence based medicine and offering insights into its potential applications in managing various health conditions. As the demand for natural remedies grows, Saussurea costus emerges as a valuable botanical resource with the potential to positively impact human health and contribute to the world of traditional and modern healing practices.
Published Date: 2025-02-17; Received Date: 2023-10-18
