Diogo Augusto de Almeida Garrett, Roberto Luiz Kaiser Junior, Luiz Gustavo de Quadros, Mário Flamini Júnior, Mikaell Alexandre Gouvea Faria, Idiberto José Zotarelli Filho
Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common, accounting for 40% of all hospital infections and affecting about 1.7 million patients annually. Previous studies have shown that up to 80% of UTI are associated with catheters. Still, UTI represent 16.9% of all post-discharge complications in BS patients. Objective: To analyze the incidence of urinary tract infections in patients undergoing BS, as well as whether any patient received prophylactic antibiotics and whether this measure was effective in preventing infections. It has been hypothesized that review procedures are significantly associated with increased UTI rate after BS. Methods: Following literary search criteria with the use of the MeSH Terms that were cited in the item on "Search strategies", a total of 34 clinical studies that were submitted for eligibility analysis were checked, and after that, 26 studies were selected, following the rules of systematic review-PRISMA. Results and conclusion: Because E. coli is a gram-negative bacterium and is the most common cause of urinary tract infections, clindamycin monotherapy can leave patients susceptible to gram-negative organisms. American and European guidelines recommend cefazolin prophylaxis. The care package structured by basic evidence-based strategies was able to maintain low surgical site infection rates after BS. BS before elective posterior lumbar fusion reduces the risk of medical complications and infection. It was found that the risk of soft tissue infection and respiratory infection decreased after BS, while the risk of intra-abdominal infection and UTI increased.
