Environmental justice is a critical framework that addresses the equitable distribution of environmental benefits and burdens across all populations, particularly marginalized and vulnerable communities. Historically, disadvantaged groups have disproportionately borne the negative consequences of environmental hazards, including pollution, toxic waste, and limited access to natural resources. This paper explores the concept of environmental justice, its historical context, key principles, case studies of environmental inequities, and policy strategies for achieving justice and sustainability. Emphasis is placed on integrating social equity into environmental governance to promote a fair and sustainable future.
Published Date: 2025-09-30; Received Date: 2025-09-01
