Opinion Article - (2020) Volume 0, Issue 0
Department of Chemistry, BP Arts, SMA Science and KKC Commerce collage, Chalisgaon, Maharashtra, 424101, India
Received Date: May 15, 2020; Accepted Date: May 29, 2020; Published Date: June 04, 2020
Citation: Rajput JD (2020) Synopsis on Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Health Sci J. Sp. Iss 1: 010.
DOI: 10.36648/1791-809X.S1.010
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new virus. Symptoms such as cough, fever, and more severe cases include respiratory illness (flu-like). The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced a global pandemic about the new coronavirus, which has spread to at least 217 countries and territories known as COVID-19. Of those, more than 18892 died and 422614 infected. This article contains a short overview of the coronavirus and its affected countries. There is also a short analysis of the Coronavirus. Finally, Corona has tried to figure out how to prevent the virus.
Keywords
Pandemic; COVID-19; Corona; Disease
Introduction
The fourth pandemic corona (COVID-19), declared by the World Health Organization (WHO), is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered coronavirus [1]. A coronavirus is a group of viruses. The virus causes various diseases to mammals and birds [2,3]. These include diarrhea caused by cows and pigs and respiratory diseases caused by hens. The virus is transmitted to humans by respiratory infections [4]. These infections are often mild, but potentially fatal. Antiviral drugs that prevent coronavirus vaccines or diseases are not yet available [5]. The virus first appeared in people belonging to the seafood wholesale market in Wuhan in Hubei province, China. On November 2019, Chinese health officials confirmed that the symptoms were related to the coronavirus. The 55-year-old man first reported a coronary virus infection, according to the Chinese Ministry of Health [6].
The disease then plagued China throughout Wuhan. From January to February, the total infected statistics reached 60342. A total of 2008 people died. By the time the world understands Corona's transition to China, 13,137 people have been infected worldwide [7]. It consisted mainly of tourists from Europe [8]. Most of the tourists were from Italy. Therefore, the impact of the disease is seen in Italy after China. After 20th February, the Government of Italy showed readiness to begin the work-related measures, but by then the statistics for infectiousness had reached 33200 [9]. In Italy, on Monday, the coronavirus reported 2202 new deaths, bringing the total number of cases to 60122 [10]. At the same time, the spread of the disease is seen in the United States, Spain, Germany, Iran, France, Switzerland, South Korea, England, the Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Norway, Canada, Portugal, Australia, Sweden, Brazil. In other countries, the tide is mild but rapidly increasing [11]. In other countries, the tide is mild but rapidly increasing [12]. So far, coronavirus infection has been reported in 207 countries worldwide and it is increasing day by day [13]. So far 422614 people have been infected with Corona in the world, out of which 18892 have died. With that, 108879 have been cured [14].
There are no specific vaccines or treatments for KOVID-19. Therefore, many clinical trials studying potential treatments are underway. The World Health Organization will continue to provide up-to-date information as soon as clinical research is available [15].
Symptoms of corona infection
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will suffer from mild to moderate respiratory infection and can be cured without special treatment [16]. Older people and basic medical problems such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory disease and cancer are more likely to have serious illnesses. The most common symptoms of corona are fever, fatigue, and dry cough. Some patients may have pain, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat or diarrhea [17]. These symptoms are usually mild and start slowly. Some people get infected but have no symptoms and don't feel well. Most people (about 5%) recover from this illness without special treatment. 1 out of every 3 people with coronas get seriously ill and have difficulty breathing [18]. Your immune system responds to the infection with fever, and usually depression. Common Signs and symptoms within 2 to 14 days are:
• Fever
• Cough
• Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
• Tiredness
• Aches
• Runny nose
• Sore throat
About coronavirus (COVID-19)
The corona virus is a non-living DNA protein, belong to the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidoviralesn closed viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry [19]. The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 27 to 34 KBS, the largest among known RNA viruses[20].The name coronavirus is derived from the Latin corona, meaning "crown" or "halo", which refers to the distinctive appearance (Figure 1) reminiscent of a crown or a solar corona around the virions (virus particles) when viewed under two-dimensional transmission electron microscopy, due to the surface being covered in clubshaped protein spikes [21,22].
Figure 1: Structural Morphology of coronaviruses.
How to care for corona virus (COVID-19)
• Wash hands with water and soap for 2 seconds. If you use an alcoholic hand wash, 5 seconds is enough. If your hand is unclean or damaged by soil, use soap and water only.
• Keep a napkin on the nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing. If there is no handkerchief, use tissue paper. Otherwise you can cough under the corner of your hand. When using tissue paper, immediately throw it into the trash.
• The coronavirus can spread to the surface of people through spit. Unknowingly, your hand can apply to that surface. So do not touch the mouth, nose, face or eyes.
• Keep at least three feet away from the person talking to the person in front.
• If you want to fight against the coronavirus, it is important that you have good immunity. It has high levels of Vitamin C.
Quarantine
In order to stop the spread of the virus, the movement of infected countries was banned in March month [23]. Flights, trains, public buses, metro systems and long-distance trains were suspended indefinitely. Large-scale aggregation and group tourism have also been suspended. As of total of 34 countries in the world, have also been placed under similar quarantines
Home quarantine
A contact is defined as a healthy person that has been in such association with an infected person or a contaminated environment as to have exposed and is therefore at a higher risk of developing the disease [24].
Stay in a well-ventilated single-room preferably with an attached/ separate toilet. If another family member needs to stay in the same room, it’s advisable to maintain a distance of at least 1 meter between the two.
Needs to stay away from elderly people, pregnant women, children and persons with co-morbidities within the household. Restrict his/her movement within the house.
Under no circumstances attend any social/religious gathering e.g. wedding, condolences, etc.
Instructions for home quarantined person
The home quarantine period is for 14 days from contact with a confirmed case or earlier if a suspect case turns out negative on laboratory testing [24].
Wash hand as often thoroughly with soap and water or with alcohol-based hand sanitizer
Avoid sharing household items e.g. dishes, drinking glasses, cups, eating utensils, towels, bedding, or other items with other people at home.
Wear a surgical mask all the time. The mask should be changed every 6-8 hours and disposed of. Disposable masks are never to be reused.
Masks used by patients close contacts during home care should be disinfected using sodium hypochlorite and then disposed of either by burning or deep burial.
The used masks should be considered as potentially infected. If symptoms appear, he/she should immediately inform the nearest health center.
Environmental cleanliness
Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces in the quarantined person’s room (e.g. bed frames, tables etc.) daily with 1%Sodium Hypochlorite Solution [24].
Clean and disinfect toilet surfaces daily with regular household bleach solution/phenolic disinfectants
Clean the clothes and other linen used by the person separately using common household detergent and dry.
Concerns around the world are growing as Corona's spread is increasing day by day. Corona is now spread to 207 countries and has suffered thousands. The death toll is also increasing worldwide. Against this backdrop, many governments have decided to take measures on the battlefield [25]. So, the collapse of the stock market has also hit the financial sector [26-28]. Many countries around the world are working tirelessly to produce vaccines on Corona. No drugs have been produced on it yet. Currently, doses of various antipyretic and antiviral drugs based hybrid combinations are being used worldwide [26]. Potential vaccines and certain drug treatments are underway The World Health Organization is cooperating internationally with clinical trials to develop vaccines and drugs to prevent the virus [27]. Infecting countries in the world will be the test to ensure that these viruses do not become infected or become infected after the coronary disease is infected. The world has no magic wand to overcome these viruses [28]. At the end, when the whole war against Corona was in place, the citizens of every country should follow the rules laid down by the government there, only then the world would win and Corona would lose.
Acknowledgement
Author thanks to World Health Organization (WHO), Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) India and Maharashtra Government for the primary literature and true figures related to corona infection.
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