Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Surgery, University of Granada, Alzira, Valencia, Spain
Mini Review
Pharmaceutical methods to increase the lung exposure to inhaled medications
Author(s): Tingting Xiao*
For the treatment of systemic disorders like diabetes as well as
local lung diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, and respiratory infections, the pulmonary administration
route has been extensively used. The majority of inhaled
medications are quickly removed from the lungs and have transient
therapeutic effects. Extended pulmonary exposure from inhaled
medications may not only increase patient compliance by lowering
drug administration frequency, but also increase clinical benefits
for patients through improved therapeutic results. The physical and
chemical methods to increase the pulmonary exposure of inhaled
medications are systematically reviewed in this article. It begins with
an overview of the numerous physiological and pathophysiological
obstacles to creating inhaled medications with prolonged lung
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