Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly affecting children under five and the elderly. ARIs can involve the upper or lower respiratory tract and are caused by viruses, bacteria, or other pathogens. The public health burden of ARIs is substantial, with implications for healthcare systems, economic productivity, and population health. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and public health strategies to prevent and manage ARIs. Emphasis is placed on vaccination, infection control measures, and health education to reduce disease transmission and associated complications.
Published Date: 2025-10-31; Received Date: 2025-10-02
